RESUMO
Los síndromes neurológicos paraneoplásicos constituyen un conjunto de manifestaciones neurológicas asociadas a la existencia de una tumor oculto no diagnosticado en un paciente. Los síndromes neurológicos paraneoplásicos están producidos por mecanismos inmunológicos donde tiene lugar una respuesta inmunológica frente a antígenos compartidos por el tumor y el tejido neuronal del paciente. La detección serológica de los anticuerpos onconeuronales (Hu, Yo, Ri, Ma-2, anfifisina, etc.) es de utilidad en el diagnóstico de los síndromes neurológicos paraneoplásicos asociados. Presentamos el caso de una paciente que acude a Urgencias por presentar alteraciones neurológicas y donde los resultados obtenidos por el laboratorio clínico permiten orientar el estudio diagnóstico de la paciente hacía la búsqueda de un tumor oculto de estirpe microcítica mixta (AU)
Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are a set of neurological manifestations associated with the existence of a hidden tumour in a patient. Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are produced by immunological mechanisms where an immune response occurs against antigens shared between tumour and neuronal tissue of the patient. Serological detection of onconeural antibodies (Hu, Yo, Ri, Ma-2, amphiphysin, etc.) is useful in the diagnosis of associated paraneoplastic neurological syndromes. The case is presented of a patient who was admitted to emergency room due to neurological disorders. With the results of the clinical laboratory, the study was oriented towards the search for a hidden tumour of microcytic mixed lineage (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Carcinoma de Células Pequenas/diagnóstico , Síndromes Paraneoplásicas do Sistema Nervoso/complicações , Síndromes Paraneoplásicas do Sistema Nervoso/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Primárias Desconhecidas/complicações , Neoplasias Primárias Desconhecidas/diagnóstico , Autoimunidade/imunologia , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/métodos , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/métodos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Imuno-HistoquímicaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Our objective is to analyze whether the combination of C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), presepsin or SCD14-ST and mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM) measured in the first 24 h from ICU admission allowing a better management of septic patients (diagnostic and prognostic) both in severe sepsis (SS) and septic shock (SSh). METHODS: Cohort study of 388 patients admitted in the ICU during 12 months of whom 142 were controls. Biomarkers were measured through immunoluminometric assays in samples of serum or plasma within the first 24 h after admission. Data were evaluated with non-parametric statistics bivariant, ROC curve analysis for diagnostic evaluation and multivariate analyses for survival analysis. RESULTS: In the analyzed cohort, 61.8% of patients were males, mean age: 63 years range (18-90) and 67.8% in controls mean age: 63 years, range (39-91). PCT showed the highest area under the curve (AUC) (0.989) as compared with the rest of biomarkers (p<0.01). PCT also enabled the difference between Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria to be determined. The AUCs for CRP (0.922) and presepsin (0.948) showed a similar diagnostic value. In cases of SSh, the AUC of presepsin experienced a noticeable increase (p<0.0001). MR-proADM showed a better prognostic value (p=0.00022) particularly in cases of SSh (p=0.00001) increasing along with the APACHE-II score. CONCLUSIONS: PCT, MR-proADM and presepsin are complementary markers that could be of great help in the management of septic patients when they are measured in the first 24 h after ICU admission.
